olemus
programmikoodi osa, milles väärtused ja avaldised on seotud,
identifikaatori kehtivuse piirkond

Wiktionary:
4. (programming) the region of program source code in which a given identifier is meaningful, or a given object can be accessed

ülevaateid
https://press.rebus.community/programmingfundamentals/chapter/scope/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_(computer_science)

https://www.codecademy.com/articles/variable-scope-in-java

https://codescracker.com/cpp/cpp-scope-rules.htm