olemus
sõltub kontekstist

ISO 7498-2:
mehhanism andmeüksuse kogemata või tahtliku muutmise avastamiseks
= a mechanism which is used to detect whether a data unit has been modified (either accidently or intentionally)

ISO/IEC 2382:
protseduur, millega teha kindlaks, kas
andmeid on (kogemata või tahtlikult) muudetud
= procedure that is used to detect whether data have been modified, either accidentally or intentionally

näiteid
https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content_cvpr_2018/papers/Zhou_Learning_Rich_Features_CVPR_2018_paper.pdf

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.00573.pdf

http://mason.gmu.edu/~etebekae/assets/ifip-detecting-manipulation.pdf

https://www.irjet.net/archives/V7/i5/IRJET-V7I5913.pdf

https://comserv.cs.ut.ee/home/files/Fernandez_Cyber_Security_2017.pdf?study=ATILoputoo&reference=560FA34F1ABAD0CDBEE22694A05BB0B8565446BA

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-87664-7_19

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-87664-7_21

vt ka
- kontrollkood
- räsimine
- terviklusmehhanism