Õ: standart standardi tähenduses on russism
(vene k. standard = стандарт, standart = штандарт)

olemus
(4a) sõjalipp
= a war flag
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=battle+standards&t=h_&iar=images&iax=images&ia=images

(4b) isikulipp (valitseja, aadliku)
= the personal flag of a ruler or nobleman
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=royal+standards&t=h_&iar=images&iax=images&ia=images

(4c) erikujuline lipp, näiteks kolmnurkne või ruutlipp
= a flag of a special shape, such as a triangular or square
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=square+standard+flags&t=h_&iar=images&iax=images&ia=images
https://duckduckgo.com/?q=heraldic+standard&t=h_&iar=images&iax=images&ia=images

ülevaateid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heraldic_flag#Heraldic_standard