olemus
volitamata kasutajaile kättesaadava
võrgustatud riistvara ja tarkvara
kõigi nõrkuste hulk

ülevaateid
https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-O149HhkYvng/Vyu5g3GOgfI/AAAAAAAAT74/g28sTUoGBmoltBhInfCfpgcNpVL_Q42qwCLcB/s1600/Screen%2BShot%2B2016-05-05%2Bat%2B5.21.22%2BPM.png

https://www.nojitter.com/measuring-network-security-vulnerability

https://hackertarget.com/quietly-mapping-the-network-attack-surface/

https://www.digitalshadows.com/blog-and-research/reducing-your-attack-surface-from-a-firehose-to-a-straw/

näide
http://hoagland.org/presentations/BlackHatLV07-Vista-Ntw-Teredo.pdf