olemus
olemite põhjuslikke seoseid väljendav mudel
= a model expressing the causal relationships of entities

näiteid
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309762134/figure/fig1/AS:1152102785122314@1651694117537/Causality-model-describing-causes-and-consequences-of-customer-satisfaction.png

ülevaateid
https://swt.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/teaching/WS2012-13/sdmauml/Resources/Slides/lecture-20121205-1-annot-fix-2up.pdf

https://www.omg.org/spec/UML/ISO/19505-2/PDF
(subsection 6.2.3)