Õ: (i) "valeuudisteks" nimetamine ei võimalda
neid eristada tavalistest uudistest, mis
võivad tihtigi sisaldada valet näiteks eksituse või
meelevaldsete arvamuste, kommentaaride ja järelduste
kujul, st eksiteavet
(ii) levinud "liba-" eeldab tegelikult kahesust,
seega on eksitav: libahunt ei ole hundi imitatsioon

olemus
liik võltsteavet, tehisuudised
spetsiaalselt kõmu, vembu või infosõja otstarbeks,
põhinevad olematutel sündmustel, faktidel ja allikatel;
KGB sellist toodangut on kirjeldanud V. Mitrohhin https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitrokhin_Archive
=
news articles that are intentionally and verifiably false

ülevaateid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fake_news

https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmcumeds/1791/1791.pdf

https://www.journalism.org/2019/06/05/many-americans-say-made-up-news-is-a-critical-problem-that-needs-to-be-fixed/

https://www.currentaffairs.org/2020/08/the-truth-is-paywalled-but-the-lies-are-free/

https://en.unesco.org/sites/default/files/journalism_fake_news_disinformation_print_friendly_0.pdf

levi
https://www.cits.ucsb.edu/fake-news/spread

https://medium.com/@guillaumechaslot/how-youtubes-a-i-boosts-alternative-facts-3cc276f47cf7

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-fake-news-goes-viral-mdash-heres-the-math/

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6380/1146

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1803.03443.pdf

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aap9559

näiteid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fake_news_websites

https://www.thesocialhistorian.com/fake-news/

https://libguides.valenciacollege.edu/c.php?g=612299&p=4251645

https://researchguides.ben.edu/c.php?g=608230&p=4220071

http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/article/2017/apr/20/politifacts-guide-fake-news-websites-and-what-they/

http://www.ukrweekly.com/uwwp/russian-fake-news-operation-seeks-to-generate-baltic-opposition-to-nato/

https://www.wired.com/story/hackers-broke-into-real-news-sites-to-plant-fake-stories-anti-nato/

tuvastus
http://www.fakenewschallenge.org/

https://shift.newco.co/how-to-detect-fake-news-in-real-time-9fdae0197bfd

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detecting_fake_news_online

https://www.csustan.edu/sites/default/files/groups/University%20Honors%20Program/Journals/02_stahl.pdf

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pra2.2015.145052010082/pdf

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1805.08751.pdf

tõrje
https://efraudprevention.net/home/templates/?a=124

http://www.robinmorgan.net/blog/10-ways-combat-fake-news/

https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/4/14/15262034/fight-fake-news-doctors-medical-community

https://www.voanews.com/a/mht-wikipedia-founder-launches-site-to-fight-fake-news/3825185.html

https://www.poynter.org/ifcn/anti-misinformation-actions/

https://www.rand.org/research/projects/truth-decay/fighting-disinformation/search.html

vt ka
- faktoid
- teabe hindamine