olemus
ISO/IEC 2382
vähim tuvastatav kõne üksus vaadeldavas loomulikus keeles
= the smallest recognizable unit of speech in a given natural language

ISO 24611:
keele häälikusüsteemi minimaalüksus
= minimal unit in the sound system of a language

ülevaateid
https://enjoyphonetics.weebly.com/uploads/5/3/5/9/5359376/definitionsseminar1.pdf

http://staffnew.uny.ac.id/upload/132107096/pendidikan/Book+one.pdf

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~pxc/nlp/NLPA-Phon1.pdf

https://www.ling.upenn.edu/~gene/courses/530/readings/Dresher2011.pdf

https://wac.colostate.edu/docs/books/sound/chapter4.pdf

https://www.authot.com/en/2017/11/22/phoneme-detection-speech-recognition/

vt ka
- grafeem
- kõneleja tuvastus
- kõnetekstitus
- kõnetuvastus
- morfeem
- tekstikõnestus