olemus
graaf, mille kaartel on suund:
graaf G = (V,A) ,
kus
- V on tippude hulk
- A on järjestatud paaride u,v ∈ V hulk
- u on lähtetipp
- v on lõpptipp

näiteid
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Zengqiang_Chen2/publication/293045325/figure/fig2/AS:329946691063811@1455676829528/a-A-directed-graph-with-3-state-nodes-b-The-directed-graph-when-we-add-a-delay-of-4.png

https://i.stack.imgur.com/YC8LA.gif

ülevaateid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed_graph

https://enos.itcollege.ee/~jpoial/algorithms/GT/Goodrich_6e_Ch14_Digraphs-handouts.pdf

http://compalg.inf.elte.hu/~tony/Oktatas/TDK/FINAL/Chap%2011.pdf

https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spring14/cos226/lectures/42DirectedGraphs.pdf