olemus
ISO/IEC 19790:
riistvara-, tarkvara- ja/või püsivarakomplekt, mis
on ümbritsetud krüptoperimeetriga ja
teostab turvafunktsioone, näiteks
=
set of hardware, software, and/or firmware that implements security functions and are contained within the cryptographic boundary

ülevaateid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIPS_140-2

http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips140-2/fips1402.pdf

https://wiki.mozilla.org/FIPS_Module_Specification

http://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-29.pdf

http://www.itsc.or.jp/about_itsc/itsc_cmvp_jcmvp_EN.pdf

https://www.commoncriteriaportal.org/files/ppfiles/pp0042b.pdf