olemus
toiming, mis kavandatakse ja tehakse nii,
et oleks varjatud
ta sooritaja identiteet ja/või
ka toiming ise ja selle asjaolud
=
a secret action undertaken to influence the course of events

ülevaateid
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covert_operation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_HUMINT_and_covert_action

https://sgp.fas.org/crs/intel/R45175.pdf

https://www.hsdl.org/?view&did=788691

https://dspace.library.uvic.ca/bitstream/handle/1828/781/uram_2005.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

näiteid
http://thesimonscenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/IAJ-8-3-2017-pg106-122.pdf (Table 1 + Table 1 continued)

https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR1500/RR1577/RAND_RR1577.pdf

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/270182008.pdf